HTML Tables
Tables are defined with the <table>
tag.
The <tr>
element defines a table row 表格行, the <th>
element defines a table heading 表头, and the <td>
element are the data container of the table 单元格.
Table data <td>
can contain all sorts of HTML elements like text, images, lists, other tables, etc. 单元格可包含各种HTML元素:文本、图片、列表、其他表等。
<thead>
group 表格的 header content,<tbody>
group 表格体内容,<tfoot>
包含表格脚的内容。
<colgroup>
and <col>
<colgroup>
该标签用来指定表格中一列或多列的 formatting。The <colgroup>
tag must be a child of a <table>
element, after any <caption>
elements and before any <thead>
, <tbody>
, <tfoot>
and <tr>
elements. 该标签要结合 <col>
标签一起使用。其中 span 特性指定了 a column group 需要扩展的列数。
<table>
<colgroup>
<col span="2" style="background-color:lightblue">
<col style="background-color:yellow">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>ISBN</th>
<th>Title</th>
<th>Price</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>3476896</td>
<td>My first HTML</td>
<td>$53</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
效果如下:
ISBN | Title | Price |
---|---|---|
3476896 | My first HTML | $53 |
Tips: The width of a table can be defined using CSS. 可以通过CSS width 设定表格宽度
Table with a Border Attribute
If you do not specify a border for the table, it will be displayed without borders. 如果不设置表格的border,则默认显示无边框表格,通过CSS设置表格的 border
table, th, td
{
border:1px solid black;
}
Table with Collapsed Borders
合并边框,使用 border-collapse 属性将边框会合并为单一的边框,相对于上面的例子。
table, th, td
{
border: 1px solid black;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
Table with Cell Padding
Cell padding specifies the space between the cell content and its borders. 单元格内边距定义了单元格内容和边框的空隙。如果不特别设定,则默认无内边距显示。通过CSS padding 设定单元格内边距:
th, td
{
padding: 15px;
}
Table with Border Spacing
Use the CSS border-spacing property to set the space between the cells. 设置单元格边框间距
注意:如果表格设置了 collapsed 边框,则设置 border-spacing 就没有效果了。
table
{
border-spacing: 5px;
}
Examples:
1.竖直显示表头
<table>
<tr>
<th>Name:</th>
<td>Bill Gates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Telephone:</th>
<td>555 77 854</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Telephone:</th>
<td>555 77 855</td>
</tr>
</table>
Name: | Bill Gates |
---|---|
Telephone: | 555 77 854 |
Telephone: | 555 77 855 |
2.使用 <caption>
设置表格标题
<table>
<caption>Monthly savings</caption>
<tr>
<th>Month</th>
<th>Savings</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>January</td>
<td>$100</td>
</tr>
</table>
Month | Savings |
---|---|
January | $100 |
3.单元格 列扩展 colspan :make a cell span more than one column
其值为非负整数,默认为1.超过1000则认为无效,重置为1
<table>
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th colspan="2">Telephone</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Bill Gates</td>
<td>555 77 854</td>
<td>555 77 855</td>
</tr>
</table>
Name | Telephone | |
---|---|---|
Bill Gates | 555 77 854 | 555 77 855 |
4.单元格 行扩展 rowspan :make a cell span more than one row
其值为非负整数。默认等于1。如果设为0,则将扩展至表格末尾区域。值超过65534将固定为65534
<table style="width:100%">
<tr>
<th>Name:</th>
<td>Bill Gates</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th rowspan="2">Telephone:</th>
<td>555 77 854</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>555 77 855</td>
</tr>
</table>
Name: | Bill Gates |
---|---|
Telephone: | 555 77 854 |
555 77 855 |